An outline of the law of contractPDF|Epub|txt|kindle电子书版本网盘下载

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1 Introduction1

1 Definition of contract1

2 Contract and contracts1

3 Agreement2

4 Freedom of contract3

5 Reasons for enforcing contracts5

6 Common law and equity6

2 Agreement8

1 Offer and invitation to treat8

2 Acceptance and counter-offer11

3 Communication of acceptance12

4 Postal acceptance13

5 Method of acceptance prescribed by offer16

6 Silence as acceptance16

7 Acceptance requires knowledge of offer17

8 Unilateral contracts18

9 Termination of offer19

10 Cases in which there is no identifiable offer and acceptance22

11 Vague or incomplete agreements23

12 Conditional agreements25

13 International sales of goods26

3 Consideration27

1 Definition27

2 Gratuitous and onerous promises28

3 Benefit and detriment30

4 Irrelevance of adequacy of consideration; nominal consideration31

5 Past consideration is insufficient32

6 Consideration must move from the promisee33

7 Mutual promises as consideration34

8 Compromises and forbearances37

9 Existing duties as consideration39

10 Promissory estoppel44

11 Part payment of a debt46

12 Irrevocable offers50

4 Contractual Intention52

1 Intention negatived by the terms of the agreement52

2 Vague agreements53

3 Discretionary agreements54

4 Social and domestic agreements55

5 Other illustrations56

5 Form58

1 Nature and purpose of formal requirements58

2 Form generally not required59

3 Types of formal requirements60

4 Rescission and variation of written contracts61

5 Effects of failure to use the required form62

6 The Contents of a Contract66

1 Ascertainment of express terms66

2 Implied terms67

3 The parol evidence rule70

7 Standard Terms and Exemption Clauses76

1 Incorporation of exemption clauses77

2 The scope of exemption clauses80

3 The effectiveness of exemption clauses at common law89

4 The Unfair Contract Terms Act 197792

5 Other legislation98

8 Mistake100

1 Introduction100

2 Mistakes which may nullify consent101

3 Mistakes which may negative consent113

4 Documents signed under a mistake123

9 Misrepresentation126

1 General requirements127

2 Effects of misrepresentation131

3 Non-disclosure147

10 Improper Pressure152

1 Duress152

2 Undue influence153

3 Protection of particular groups of persons154

4 Inequality of bargaining power156

11 Illegality158

1 Contracts contrary to law159

2 Contracts contrary to public policy163

3 Contracts in restraint of trade170

4 The effects of illegality181

12 Contractual Capacity194

1 Persons below the age of majority194

2 Mental patients205

3 Drunken persons206

4 Corporations206

5 The Crown210

6 Other public authorities212

13 The Parties to a Contract214

1 A and B make a promise to X215

2 A makes a promise to X and Y217

3 A makes a promise to X for the benefit of Y220

4 A makes a contract with X purporting to bind Y229

14 Transfer of Contractual Rights234

1 The position before 1875235

2 Effects of the Judicature Act 1873237

3 Assignment distinguished from authority to pay240

4 Formalities241

5 Notice to the debtor242

6 Consideration242

7 The assignee's title246

8 Negotiability distinguished from assignment248

9 Limits on assignability249

10 Involuntary assignment252

11 Assignment distinguished from transfer of liabilities253

15 Agency257

1 Introduction257

2 Creation of agency259

3 Effects of agency268

4 Termination of agency276

16 Performance and Breach278

1 The duty to perform279

2 Method of performance284

3 Rescission for failure in performance285

4 Anticipatory breach305

17 Frustration308

1 Operation of the doctrine309

2 Limitations on the doctrine314

3 Legal consequences of frustration318

18 Remediesfor Breach of Contract322

1 Classification322

2 Damages324

3 Action for an agreed sum356

4 Specific enforcement358

5 Restitutionary remedies366

index371