化工热力学导论 第6版 英文PDF|Epub|txt|kindle电子书版本网盘下载

化工热力学导论 第6版 英文PDF格式电子书版下载

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1 INTRODUCTION1

1.1 The Scope of Thermodynamics1

1.2 Dimensions and Units2

1.3 Measures of Amount or Size2

1.4 Force3

1.5 Temperature5

1.6 Pressure6

1.7 Work9

1.8 Energy10

1.9 Heat15

2 THE FIRST LAW AND OTHER BASIC CONCEPTS20

2.1 Joule's Experiments20

2.2 Internal Energy20

2.3 The First Law of Thermodynamics21

2.4 Energy Balance for Closed Systems22

2.5 Thermodynamic State and State Functions25

2.6 Equilibrium28

2.7 The Phase Rule29

2.8 The Reversible Process31

2.9 Constant-V and Constant-P Processes37

2.10 Enthalpy38

2.11 Heat Capacity40

2.12 Mass and Energy Balances for Open Systems44

3 VOLUMETRIC PROPERTIES OF PURE FLUIDS62

3.1 PVT Behavior ofPure Substances62

3.2 Virial Equations of State68

3.3 The Ideal Gas71

3.4 Application ofthe Virial Equations87

3.5 Cubic Equations of State91

3.6 Generalized Correlations for Gases100

3.7 Generalized Correlations for Liquids108

4 HEAT EFFECTS122

4.1 Sensible Heat Effects122

4.2 Latent Heats of Pure Substances129

4.3 Standard Heat of Reaction132

4.4 Standard Heat of Formation133

4.5 Standard Heat of Combustion136

4.6 Temperature Dependence of △H°137

4.7 Heat Effects of Industrial Reactions140

5 THE SECOND LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS155

5.1 Statements of the Second Law156

5.2 Heat Engines157

5.3 Thermodynamic Temperature Scales159

5.4 Entropy163

5.5 Entropy Changes of an Ideal Gas166

5.6 Mathematical Statement of the Second Law169

5.7 Entropy Balance for Open Systems172

5.8 Calculation of Ideal Work177

5.9 Lost Work181

5.10 The Third Law of Thermodynamics185

5.11 Entropy from the Microscopic Viewpoint185

6.1 Property Relations for Homogeneous Phases195

6 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF FLUIDS195

6.2 Residual Properties205

6.3 Residual Properties by Equations of State211

6.4 Two-Phase Systems217

6.5 Thermodynamic Diagrams220

6.6 Tables of Thermodynamic Properties221

6.7 Generalized Property Correlations for Gases225

7 APPLICATIONS OF THERMODYNAMICS TO FLOW PROCESSES247

7.1 Duct Flow of Compressible Fluids248

7.2 Turbines(Expanders)262

7.3 Compression Processes267

8 PRODUCTION OF POWER FROM HEAT283

8.1 The Steam Power Plant284

8.2 Internal-Combustion Engines295

8.3 Jet Engines;Rocket Engines303

9 REFRIGERATION AND LIQUEFACTION309

9.1 The Carnot Refrigerator309

9.2 The Vapor-Compression Cycle310

9.3 The Choice of Refrigerant313

9.4 Absorption Refrigeration316

9.5 The Heat Pump318

9.6 Liquefaction Processes319

10 VAPOR/LIQUID EQUILIBRIUM:INTRODUCTION329

10.1 The Nature of Equilibrium329

10.2 The Phase Rule.Duhem's Theorem330

10.3 VLE:Qualitative Behavior332

10.4 Simple Models for Vapor/Liquid Equilibrium338

10.5 VLE by Modified Raoult's Law349

10.6 VLE from K-Value Correlations354

11 SOLUTION THERMODYNAMICS:THEORY368

11.1 Fundamental Property Relation369

11.2 The Chemical Potential and Phase Equilibria370

11.3 Partial Properties371

11.4 Ideal-Gas Mixtures381

11.5 Fugacity and Fugacity Coefficient:Pure Species384

11.6 Fugacity and Fugacity Coefficient:Species in Solution390

11.7 Generalized Correlations for the Fugacity Coefficient396

11.8 The Ideal Solution400

11.9 Excess Properties402

12 SOLUTION THERMODYNAMICS:APPLICATIONS416

12.1 Liquid-Phase Properties from VLE Data416

12.2 Models for the Excess Gibbs Energy432

12.3 Property Changes of Mixing435

12.4 Heat Effects of Mixing Processes442

13 CHEMICAL-REACTION EQUILIBRIA467

13.1 The Reaction Coordinate468

13.2 Application of Equilibrium Criteria to Chemical Reactions472

13.3 The Standard Gibbs-Energy Change and the Equilibrium Constant473

13.4 Effect of Temperature on the Equilibrium Constant476

13.5 Evaluation of Equilibrium Constants480

13.6 Relation of Equilibrium Constants to Composition482

13.7 Equilibrium Conversions for Single Reactions486

13.8 Phase Rule and Duhem's Theorem for Reacting Systems498

13.9 Multireaction Equilibria502

13.10 Fuel Cells513

14 TOPICS IN PHASE EQUILIBRIA526

14.1 The Gamma/Phi Formulation of VLE526

14.2 VLE from Cubic Equations of State538

14.3 Equilibrium and Stability554

14.4 Liquid/Liquid Equilibrium(LLE)560

14.5 Vapor/Liquid/Liquid Equilibrium(VLLE)569

14.6 Solid/Liquid Equilibrium (SLE)576

14.7 Solid/Vapor Equilibrium(SVE)581

14.8 Equilibrium Adsorption of Gases on Solids585

14.9 Osmotic Equilibrium and Osmotic Pressure600

15 THERMODYNAMIC ANALYSIS OF PROCESSES611

15.1 Thermodynamic Analysis of Steady-State Flow Processes611

16 INTRODUCTION TO MOLECULAR THERMODYNAMICS622

16.1 Molecular Theory of Fluids622

16.2 Second Virial Coefficients from Potential Functions629

16.3 Internal Energy of Ideal Gases:Microscopic View632

16.4 Thermodynamic Properties and Statistical Mechanics635

16.5 Hydrogen Bonding and Charge-Transfer Complexing637

16.6 Behavior of Excess Properties640

16.7 Molecular Basis for Mixture Behavior644

16.8 VLE by Molecular Simulation647

A Conversion Factors and Values of the Gas Constant651

B Properties of Pure Species653

C Heat Capacities and Property Changes of Formation656

D Representative Computer Programs661

D.1 Defined Functions661

D.2 Solution of Example Problems by Mathcad？664

E The Lee/Kesler Generalized-correlation Tables667

F Steam Tables684

F.1 Interpolation684

G Thermodynamic Diagrams760

H UNIFAC Method763

I Newton's Method770

Author Index775

Subject Index779