CCNP Routing 2.0学习指南 英文版PDF|Epub|txt|kindle电子书版本网盘下载

CCNP Routing 2.0学习指南 英文版PDF格式电子书版下载

注意：本站所有压缩包均有解压码： 点击下载压缩包解压工具

1 IP Routing Fundamentals1

1 IP Routing Fundamentals1

Routing Protocols and Their Placement in the IP Stack2

Routing Information Protocol5

About the Contributors5

Interior Gateway Routing Protocol6

Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol8

Acknowledgments9

Open Shortest Path First Protocol9

Exercise 1-1: Routing Protocols11

Border Gateway Protocol13

What Is Routing?15

Key Information for Routers to Route Data15

Requirements for IP Routing20

Exercise 1-2: Making IP Routing Work22

The Two Major Functions of Routing22

Comparing Distance-Vector Protocols to Link-State Routing Protocols23

Classful vs. Classless Routing24

Preface27

Distance-Vector Routing Protocol Characteristics29

Introduction31

Exercise 1-3: Configuring IGRP33

Link-State Routing Protocol Characteristics33

Convergence Issues for IP Routing Protocols35

Two-Minute Drill38

Q A SelfTest40

Lab Question44

SelfTest Answers45

Lab Answer47

2 IP Addressing Issues49

2 IP Addressing Issues49

Requests for Comments Dealing with IP Addressing Issues50

RFC 950: IP Subnet Masking50

RFC 1518: Route Summarization51

RFCs 1519 and 2050: Classless Interdomain Routing51

RFC 1631: Network Address Translation51

RFC 1812: Variable-Length Subnet Masks51

RFC 1918: Address Allocation for Private Internets51

IP Address Classes52

IP Addressing52

RFC 1918: Private Address Space54

Subnetting Overview54

Issues with IP Addressing60

IP Addressing Choices62

Exercise 2-1: Subnetting66

Maximizing IP Address Space Using Variable-Length Subnet Masking67

Review of Complex Subnetting68

Variable-Length Subnet Masking71

Exercise 2-2: Applying VLSM74

Route Summarization74

What Is Route Summarization?74

Considerations for Summarization76

Rules for Summarization77

Route Summarization Walkthrough80

Classless Interdomain Routing81

CIDR Walkthrough82

Exercise 2-3: Summarizing 192.168.1.0through 192.168.10.083

Exercise 2-4: Creating a CIDR Block84

Related IP Addressing Commands85

The IP UNNUMBERED Command85

The IP HELPER-ADDRESS Command86

Exercise 2-5: Using the IP HELPER-ADDRESS and IP FORWARD-PROTOCOL Commands to Forward Broadcasts for DNS90

Two-Minute Drill93

Q A Self Test96

Lab Question101

SelfTest Answers102

Lab Answer105

3 OSPF Operation and Configuration for a Single OSPF Area107

Introduction to OSPF107

3 OSPF Operation and Configuration for a Single OSPF Area107

Benefits of OSPF in Comparison to DV Protocols110

Scalability110

Flexibility110

Summarized Advertisements110

VLSM111

Incremental Routing Updates111

Faster Routing Convergence111

Exercise 3-1: OSPF Benefits112

Other Benefits112

Decision Making112

The Complete Picture113

How OSPF Discovers, Chooses, and Maintains Routes113

OSPF Concepts113

Exercise 3-2: OSPF Timers115

OSPF Neighbor Relationships117

Building an OSPF Neighbor Relationship117

Elements That Must Match for a Neighbor Relationship to Happen121

OSPF States in Building a Neighbor Relationship124

OSPF Packet Types125

LSA Types129

Shortest Path First Algorithm and Route Selection134

OSPF LSA Propagation136

Walk-Through of an LSA Through a Designated Router141

The OSPF Decision Tree When Receiving an LSA144

Configuring OSPF in a Single Area145

The ROUTER OSPF Command145

The NETWORK Command and the Wildcard Mask146

OSPF Selection of a Router ID148

Exercise 3-3: Adding Networks to the OSPF Process148

Trade-offs and the Loopback Address149

The OSPF COST INTERFACE Command149

Monitoring and Verifying OSPF Operations151

The SHOW IP PROTOCOLS Command151

The SHOW IP ROUTE Command151

The SHOW IP OSPF INTERFACE Command152

The SHOW IP OSPF Command153

The SHOW IP OSPF NEIGHBOR Command153

The SHOW IP OSPF NEIGHBOR DETAIL Command154

The DEBUG IP OSPF ADJ Command154

Exercise 3-4: Listing the Contents of OSPF Databases155

Two-Minute Drill157

Q A SelfTest159

Lab Question164

SelfTest Answers165

Lab Answer168

4 OSPF Behavior and Configuration for Wide Area Networks171

4 OSPF Behavior and Configuration for Wide Area Networks171

OSPF Behavior Over a WAN Link172

OSPF Behavior on an HDLC or PPP Link173

Exercise 4-1: Basic OSPF Configuration(Single Area)176

OSPF Configuration and Behavior on a X.25 Link177

OSPF Configuration and Behavior on Broadcast Networks178

Topology Choices for an NBMA Network--Specifically, Frame Relay182

Frame Relay and OSPF185

OSPF Network Types and NBMA Networks186

Frame Relay Logical Interfaces vs. Physical Interfaces192

DR Elections Over NBMA Networks193

Standard-Based(RFC-Based)Implementation and Operation of OSPF for an NBMA Network194

The Nonbroadcast Multiaccess Command Option195

The Point-to-Multipoint Command Option196

Exercise 4-2: Point-to-Multipoint Networks and OSPF199

Cisco Proprietary Modes of Implementation and Operation of OSPF for an NBMA Network200

The NEIGHBOR Command200

The POINT-TO-MULTIPOINT NONBROADCAST Command201

The BROADCAST Command202

The POINT-TO-POINT Command205

Exercise 4-3: A Point-to-Multipoint Network Without Broadcast Capabilities207

Two-Minute Drill210

Q A SelfTest212

Lab Question217

SelfTest Answers219

Lab Answer222

5 OSPF Operations in a Multiarea Network225

5 OSPF Operations in a Multiarea Network225

Scalability Issues with a Single-Area OSPF Network226

Exercise 5-1: Using a Multiarea Design to Control LSA Traffic227

Differentiating Among the Types of Areas, Routers, and LSAs in an OSPF Network228

Functional Descriptions of Routers in an OSPF Network228

Types of OSPF Link-State Advertisements230

Types of OSPF Areas235

LSA Propagation Across a Standard-Area OSPF Network239

LSA Propagation Across a Stub Area and Standard-Area OSPF Network240

LSA Propagation Across a Totally Stubby Area and Standard, Area OSPF Network242

Benefits of OSPF Summarization243

Exercise 5-2: Troubleshooting Poor Backbone Performance244

Configuring a Multiarea OSPF Network245

The OSPF NETWORK Statement245

The OSPF STUB Command246

The OSPF ABR SUMMARIZATION Command247

The OSPF ASBR SUMMARY-ADDRESS Command248

OSPF Virtual Link248

Exercise 5-3: Troubleshooting the NETWORK Command250

Monitoring and Verifying OSPF Operations250

Exercise 5-4: Troubleshooting Virtual Links256

Two-Minute Drill257

Q A SelfTest259

Lab Question263

SelfTest Answers265

Lab Answer268

6 EIGRP Operations and Configuration271

6 EIGRP Operations and Configuration271

Enhanced IGRP Features and Operations273

EIGRP and Its Major Features274

Benefits of EIGRP in Comparison to Other IP Routing Protocols275

EIGRP Terminology279

Building EIGRP Neighbor Relationships280

EIGRP Packet Types283

The Neighbor Table285

EIGRP Reliability286

Initial Exchange of Packets288

EIGRP Route Selection and Metric Calculation290

Exercise 6-1: EIGRP Metric Calculation293

The Diffusing Update Algorithm294

The DUAL Algorithm295

Feasible Distance297

Advertised Distance297

Feasibility Condition297

Loop Avoidance297

Exercise 6-2: A DUAL Scenario298

Basic EIGRP Configuration300

The ROUTER EIGRP Command301

The NETWORK Statement302

Exercise 6-3: Basic EIGRP Configuration304

Monitoring and Verifying EIGRP Operations309

Show IP Protocols Command309

Show IP Route Command310

SHOW IP EIGRP TOPOLOGY Command312

SHOW IP EIGRP NEIGHBORS Command312

The SHOW IP EIGRP EVENTS Command313

SHOW IP EIGRP TRAFFIC Command313

The SHOW IP EIGRP INTERFACE Command314

The DEBUG EIGRP PACKET Command315

The DEBUG EIGRP FSM Command316

The DEBUG EIGRP NEIGHBOR Command316

Exercise 6-4: Troubleshooting EIGRP Operation317

Two-Minute Drill322

Q A SelfTest324

Lab Question329

SelfTest Answers331

Lab Answer335

7 Advanced EIGRP Behavior and Configuration339

7 Advanced EIGRP Behavior and Configuration339

Considerations for a Large-Scale Network Using EIGRP340

Using the Proper Bandwidth for the WAN Interfaces341

Exercise 7-1: How Metrics Dictate Traffic Paths Using Eigrp341

Good Addressing343

Hierarchical Network Design343

Sufficient Memory on the Router344

Sufficient Bandwidth on WAN Interfaces to Handle Update Traffic345

Limiting the Update and Query Range345

EIGRP IP Address Summarization346

Disabling Automatic Summarization347

EIGRP Manual Summarization347

EIGRP Load Balancing350

Exercise 7-2: Load Balancing Unequal CIR (Committed Information Rate)352

EIGRP WAN Optimization353

Using Bandwidth Statement353

Limiting the Percentage of Bandwidth EIGRP Uses355

Point-to-Point Subinterfaces with CIR Per Subinterface356

Multipoint Circuit with Equal CIR Per Neighbor356

Multipoint Circuit with Unequal CIR Per Neighbor(Not Recommended)356

Multipoint Circuit with Unequal CIR Per Neighbor (Recommended)357

Exercise 7-3: Configuring Frame Relay357

EIGRP Query Issues359

The EIGRP Query Process359

Limiting the Scope of Updates and Query Propagation362

Two-Minute Drill365

Q A SelfTest367

Lab Question371

SelfTest Answers372

Lab Answer375

8 BGP Basic Operations and Configuration377

8 BGP Basic Operations and Configuration377

When It Is Appropriate to Use BGP379

Alternatives to BGP379

When It Is Not Appropriate to Use BGP381

Static and Default Routes383

Exercise 8-1: Reasons for Using and Not Using BGP, and Using a Default Route with BGP388

Understanding the Border Gateway Protocol389

What Is an Exterior Routing Protocol?389

Border Gateway Protocol Version 4 and How It Differs from Its Predecessors391

An Autonomous System in Relation to BGP394

The Internet and Routing396

BGP Terminology and Characteristics396

BGP Peering399

What Is a BGP Attribute?399

BGP Attributes401

BGP Synchronization406

BGP Message Types408

BGP Route Selection Process414

Exercise 8-2: Identifying Message Formats and Purposes415

Configuring Basic BGP417

The ROUTER BGP AUTONOMOUS-SYSTEM Command417

The NETWORK Statement Under Router BGP418

The NEIGHBOR Command419

BGP Basic Configuration421

The NEIGHBOR NEXT-HOP-SELF Command421

The NO SYNCHRONIZATION Command423

The AGGREGATE ADDRESS Command424

The CLEAR IP BGP Command427

Exercise 8-3: Resetting Peer Connections429

BGP Configuration429

Monitoring BGP Operations431

The SHOW IP PROTOCOLS Command431

The SHOW IP ROUTE Command432

The SHOW IP BGP NEIGHBORS Command432

The SHOW IP BGP Command434

The SHOW IP BGP SUMMARY Command435

The DEBUG IP BGP UPDATES Command436

Exercise 8-4: Monitoring BGP439

Two-Minute Drill441

Q A SelfTest443

Lab Question448

SelfTest Answers450

Lab Answer453

9 BGP Scalability Issues459

9 BGP Scalability Issues459

Scalability Issues and Solutions with iBGP461

Peering with iBGP Neighbors461

Contrasting iBGP Behavior to an IGP Method of Propagating Changes464

Scalability Issues with iBGP Neighbors465

Route Reflectors as a Scalability Solution467

Route Reflector Terminology469

Route Reflector Design and Migration Tips470

Route Reflector Operations474

Route Reflector Configuration476

Exercise 9-1: Route Reflector Redundancy478

Verifying Route Reflectors479

Policy Control481

Defining Prefix Lists482

Benefits of Prefix Lists482

Prefix List Operations483

Configuring Prefix Lists484

Prefix List Example487

Exercise 9-2: Prefix List Configuration487

Verifying Prefix Lists489

Multihoming490

Types of Multihoming490

Default Routes from All Providers491

Full BGP Table from All Providers493

Limited BGP Table and Default Route from Each Provider493

BGP Metric Commands497

Exercise 9-3: Combining Multihoming Methods498

A Multihoming BGP Configuration Example498

Redistribution with IGPs499

Notifying BGP of Which Networks to Advertise500

Using the NETWORK Command501

Redistributing Static Routes into BGP501

Redistributing Dynamic Routing Protocols into BGP502

Redistribution of BGP into a Local Routing Protocol503

Exercise 9-4: Redistribution of BGP into IGP503

ISP Policy on Redistribution504

End Autonomous Systems Policy on Redistribution504

Two-Minute Drill506

Q A SelfTest508

Lab Question512

SelfTest Answers514

Lab Answer516

10 Route Filtering and Redistribution519

10 Route Filtering and Redistribution519

Selecting and Configuring Ways to Control Route Update Traffic521

When to Use Redistribution523

Redistribution Considerations524

Exercise 10-1: The Case of the Missing Routes532

Configuring Route Redistribution with a Single Redistribution Gateway534

Selecting the Core and Edge Routing Protocols534

Configuring Redistribution into RIP541

Configuring Redistribution into OSPF543

Configuring Redistribution into EIGRP545

EIGRP and OSPF Redistribution Example546

Configuring the DEFAULT-METRIC Command546

Configuring the PASSIVE-INTERFACE Command548

Configuring Static Routes549

Exercise 10-2: The Correct Filter557

Configuring Route Redistribution with Multiple Redistribution Gateways558

Resolving Path Selection Problems Resulting from Redistribution559

Solutions for Path Selection Problems560

Using Route Riltering561

Using Administrative Distance564

Exercise 10-3: To Loop or Not to Loop?566

Verifying Route Redistribution569

The SHOW IP ROUTE Command569

The TRACEROUTE Command570

Exercise 10-4: Selective Route Display570

Two-Minute Drill575

Q A SelfTest577

Lab Question582

SelfTest Answers583

Lab Answer586

11 Policy-Based Routing and Route Maps587

11 Policy-Based Routing and Route Maps587

Understanding Policy-Based Routing588

Defining Policy-Based Routing590

Reasons to Use Policy-Based Routing592

Types of Policy-Based Routing593

Exercise 11-1: Creating a Policy Route to Force the Next-Hop Address595

Defining Route Maps596

Operations of Route Maps596

Comparison Between Route Maps and Access Lists600

Exercise 11-2: Setting the Default Next-Hop IP Address with a Policy Route601

Creating a Route-Map Command602

Configuring Route Maps602

Linking a Route Map to an Interface606

Conclusion607

Exercise 11-3: Using IP Policy Routing to Assign a Physical Interface as a Default Gateway609

Verifying Route Maps610

The SHOW IP POLICY Command611

The SHOW ROUTE-MAP Command611

Exercise 11-4: Using the SHOW IP POLICY and SHOW ROUTE-MAP Commands612

Two-Minute Drill614

Q A SelfTest616

Lab Question620

SelfTest Answers621

Lab Answer624

A About the CD625

A About the CD625

CertTrainer626

System Requirements626

ExamSim626

Installing CertTrainer626

E-Book628

Saving Scores as Cookies628

DriveTime628

Upgrading629

Help629

Glossary631

Glossary631

Index703

Index703